The double L spelling rule
cancelled — canceled
marvellous — marvelous
traveller — traveler
Single l or double l?
> Which are the British spellings and which are the American ones?
The British spellings are with the double l and the American ones with single l.
cancelled — canceled
marvellous — marvelous
traveller — traveler
American English doesn’t usually double up the l but sometimes it does if the stress falls on a syllable other than the first, which we'll see later.
As I've said before, it's always great to know the difference between British and American spellings because it stops you getting confused, because of spellcheck internet, books, etc.
So let's look at why and when we double up the final l.
Usually in British English, we double up the final l when a word is more than one syllable and we add a vowel suffix - ing, -ation, -ed, -ous, -er) But like all rules there are exceptions, which we'll look at later, and as I said we sometimes double up in American English too so watch out for those later.
cancel has two syllables and when we add a vowel suffix endings, we double up the l:
British: cancel — cancelling, cancelled, cancellation
American: cancel — canceling, canceled, cancelation
British: marvel — marvellous, marvelled, marvelling
American: marvel — marvelous, marveled, marveling
British: travel — travelling, travelled, traveller
American: travel — traveling, traveled, traveler
Brit: model — modelled, modelling, modeller
Am: model — modeled, modeling, modeler
Brit: fuel — fuelled, fuelling
Am: fuel — fueled, fueling
Brit: initial — initialled, initialling
Am: initial — initialed, initialing
American usage agrees with British on words that have the stress on the second syllable:
control ("con TROL") — controlled, controlling
patrol — patrolled, patrolling
expel — expelled, expelling
extol — extolled extolling
annul — annulled, annulling
American and British agree not to double the end l in parallel — paralleling, paralleled
We don't double the l in these words:
appeal — appealing, appealed
devil — devilish
loyal — loyalist
travel — travelogue
We have some root words that are spelt differently in British and American
enrol vs. enroll
British = enrol vs. American = enroll
British English: enrol — enrolling, enrolled, enrolment (only double up with vowel suffixes but American enrollment)
American English: enroll is spelled with double l so just add the suffix ending: enrolling, enrolled, enrollment
Careful:
install: installing, installed but instalment (British — drop the l) and installment (American — keep the l)
fulfil (Brit): fulfilled, fulfilling, fulfiller but fulfilment
fulfill (Am): fulfilled, fulfilling, fulfiller and fulfillment
Using a dictionary is a great spelling strategy.
Remember to look in a dictionary or online dictionary if you're not sure. I use the following online dictionaries all the time for the spelling, definitions, sentence examples, pronunciation and American spellings
Oxford www.oxforddictionaries.com
Cambridge dictionary.cambridge.org
Longman https://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/
For just American spellings Merriam-Webster www.merriam-webster.com
So don't give yourself a hard time for doing this - we have so many words and unusual spellings in English that there's nothing wrong with checking a spelling in a dictionary.
Click here to go to the 1:1:1 doubling up rule lesson (shopping, swimming, hopping, zapped, quizzed)
If you want to learn more spelling rules then I have the perfect book for you - the Spelling Rules Workbook - a step-by-step guide to the rules English of spelling - Click here for more info.